نشریه مدیریت ارتقای سلامت
سال نهم شماره 5 (پیاپی 45، مهر و آبان 1399)

Role conflict occurs when an individual is required to perform multiple social roles and inconsistent behaviors. One of these types of conflicts is work-family conflict. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of translating and psychometric the "Work-Family Conflict Scale". In the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth.

The present study is a methodological research. The research population was the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, which was selected as a statistical sample using non-random and quota method and the number of samples required for factor analysis of 200 people. "Work-Family Conflict Scale" with 18 items and 6 subscales and 5-point Likert response method from very low to very high. First, the original version was translated into Persian, then the original translations were combined into a single translation. The final version translated from Persian to English and finally the translated version was reviewed, corrected and summarized. Face validity, content validity ratio, content validity index, construct validity (exploratory factor analysis method), convergent validity and divergent validity were measured. Reliability was determined by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient and composite reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 24 and SmartPLS 3.2.1.

All scale expressions have an impact of more than 1.5 according to experts. The results of content validity ratio with the opinion of 15 experts were 0.59 and content validity index was 0.79-0.81. The results of Bartlett sphericity test showed a sufficient significant correlation between the questions (Chi-square = 2263.023, P <0.001). Also, the results obtained from Kaiser criterion showed that the factor loads for all 6 factors were greater than 0.40 Which explains 76.791% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the convergent validity indices in the six dimensions of the studied scale are more than 0.5. Also, divergent validity showed that the mean extracted variance of each of the six dimensions is greater than its highest correlation with other constructs of the studied scale. The results of Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficients and composite reliability were more than 0.70 and 0.80, respectively.

“Work-Family Conflict Scale" can be used as a suitable instrument for assessing work-family conflict in the community of sports staff, as in the original version. Therefore, the use of this scale to measure this concept is recommended for sports staff.

Health and safety in cloud-based manufacturing systems have become a major issue, especially with the spread of the Corona virus, putting both systems and the workforce at risk. In recent years, many journals and researchers have focused their research in this area. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically review health and safety issues in cloud manufacturing systems. 

In this systematic review study, a narrative of books and articles related to qualitative and quantitative studies indexed in ProQuest databases, Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Ovid, Irandoc, Science Direct, Taylor & Francis, Emerald, Cochrane, Springer, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used, and the keywords used to search for articles were Cloud Manufacturing Systems, Safety, Health, Risk, and Immune. Qualitative and quantitative research related to the last 19 years (since 2000) in Persian and English. Studies that had an unspecified sample size and implementation, or were conducted only on cloud-based manufacturing systems or safety and health, were excluded from the study. Also, articles whose full text was not available were excluded from the study process. After deleting articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria, the full text of all articles that met the inclusion criteria was reviewed. Their results were extracted according to the investigated factor and made available to two other researchers for review and correction went. In general, in this study, out of 47 articles, 38 articles from 11 countries were reviewed and their results were extracted. 

12 studies (31%) were conducted on single-layer cloud manufacturing systems and 26 studies (69%) were conducted on multi-layer cloud manufacturing systems. 17 studies (45%) were conducted on health and safety.

The results indicate three main topics including "characteristics of multi-layer cloud manufacturing systems", "health and safety characteristics and its improvement" and "factors preventing work accidents". Also, the results indicate that many studies (45%) have focused on safety and health issues in cloud manufacturing systems. Recommended based on the type of cloud manufacturing system; Provide the type of cloud services and implement processes according to national health and safety guidelines in accordance with the standards of each level.

Today, due to the increasing demand for health services and the increase in health care costs, it is necessary to pay attention to cost management in hospitals. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing and psychometric "Hospital Cost Management Scale".

The present research method is a combined (qualitative-quantitative) method. In the qualitative section, literature review and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 health economics experts and hospital managers using content analysis and Atlasti software. In the quantitative part, the content validity ratio of the scale by Lawshe table and the content validity index was based on Waltz & Basel method were measured by opinion of 20 experts. Construct validity was measured factor analysis method. Reliability was calculated by internal consistency and stability by retesting among 20 experts in the qualitative phase with a 2-week interval. Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient was measured a second time for the whole scale in sample 207. The data were calculated by SPSS. 22.

From the qualitative section, the "Hospital Cost Management Scale" were obtained. The content validity ratio was 0.42 and the content validity index was 0.79.  The results of factor analysis showed 35 items in 5 dimensions of hospital management and structure, control and supervision, consumption resource management, financing, and human resource management. The Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient ranged from 0.75 to 0.86 and the reliability by the retest method was again between 0.76 and 0.88 two weeks’ interval. Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient with 207 samples was 0.87.

The "Hospital Cost Management Scale" was developed with 5 dimensions with high validity and reliability. Therefore, its use is recommended in planning and controlling hospital costs and directing further research.

Depressed children are in a worse health and well-being situation than non-depressed children, and there are many ways to reduce their psychological problems, including drama therapy and resilience training. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of drama therapy and resilience training on anxiety and aggression in children with depression.

This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The study population was male students with depression who referred to educational counseling centers in the fifth and sixth districts of Tehran in the academic year 2009-2010. The research sample was 60 people who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly replaced in three groups (20 people in each group). The intervention groups were trained in 9 sessions of 60 minutes (two sessions per week) with drama therapy and resilience training, respectively, and the control group was placed on a waiting list for training. Research instruments included; demographic questionnaire, “Childrenchr('39')s Depression Inventory”, “Spence Childrenchr('39')s Anxiety Scale”, and “Aggression Questionnaire”. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS. 21.

Drama therapy and resilience training methods reduced anxiety in children with depression compared to the control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two methods in reducing their anxiety (P> 0.05). Also, drama therapy reduced aggression in children with depression compared to resilience training and control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between resilience training and control group in aggression variable (P> 0.05).

Drama therapy reduced both anxiety and aggression in children with depression, but resilience training only reduced their anxiety. Therefore, planning for the use of drama therapy by child psychologists and therapists to improve the mental health of children with depression is suggested.

Hospital performance measurement is an essential part for providing feedback on the efficacy and effectiveness of services. The purpose of this study was assessment and comparing of hospital performance using “Accreditation Pattern”, “Organizational Excellence Pattern “and Program Chain (IPOCC) Patterns. 

This descriptive-comparative study was conducted in 2019 in the educational and medical centers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. The statistical population included 180 top, middle, and operational managers of five educational and medical centers covered by the university. Samples were selected in a census. Data collection instruments were obtained through; demographic questionnaire, " the "Iran Hospital Accreditation Questionnaire" of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the research instrument developed by the “Organizational Excellence Questionnaire” and the "Program Chain Pattern Questionnaire”. Face validity, content and its structure were performed using confirmatory factor analysis and its reliability by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient method and composite reliability. Data was analyzed using SPSS. 21.

In assessment the performance of the hospital with Accreditation Pattern, Organizational Excellence Pattern and Program Chain Pattern, respectively, the dimensions of para clinical services (4.12±0.5), processes (69.4±0.57) and control (3.21±0.65) were the highest scores and the dimensions of prevention and health (2.62±0.75), society results (56.36±0.62) and outcome (2.98±0.62) were the lowest scores. The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the dimensions of hospital performance assessment patterns (P <0.001).

The highest score of the hospitals with the Patterns of accreditation, organizational excellence and program chain were in the dimensions of para clinical services, processes and control, respectively, and in the dimensions of results and Context, less attention was paid to the performance of the hospitals. Therefore, it is recommended to pay attention to the results of service delivery and Context standards such as teamwork and organizational culture along with process, Input and control standards to balance hospital performance assessment standards.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. Exploring the vulnerabilities of this disorder and how these factors relate to each other remains a major issue in mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of cognitive bias in explaining the correlation between behavioral activation system and behavioral inhibition with depression.

The present research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included students of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz in the academic year of 2017. Among them, 200 people were selected by purposive sampling method. Data collection was done through “Dysfunctional Attitude Scale” (DAS-26), “Behavioral Inhibition / Behavioral Activation Scales” (BIS / BAS) and “Beck Depression Inventory” (BDI-13). The content validity ratio and reliability was calculated by calculating Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient. For the analysis, SPSS. 21 and LISREL software were used.

The evaluation of the structural model using statistical indicators showed that behavioral inhibition had a significant correlation on depression (β=0/46, P <0.01). Direct effect of behavioral activation system on major depressive disorder beta coefficient β=-0.55 and the direct effect of cognitive bias on major depressive disorder beta coefficient β=0.42, none of which are significant (p <0.01). So it can be claimed that the hypothetical model can have better relationships than the competing model. Explain among research variables.

Cognitive bias is an intermediate variable in relation to behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition with depression, and by controlling this variable, the role of behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition on depressive symptoms can be controlled. It is recommended that psychotherapists be better treated during psychotherapy by changing the way information is processed.

All kinds of social networks have had profound and varied effects on the lives of people in human society, especially adolescents and young people. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between self-efficacy and addiction to social networks with the motivation of academic achievement in high school students in Tehran.

The present study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all high school students in Tehran in the academic year of 2009-2010. Using random cluster sampling, 422 people were selected and entered the study. To collect data from the demographic questionnaire, "General Self-Efficacy Scale", "Addiction to Mobile Questionnaire Based on Social Networks" and "Measurement Questionnaire" and the “Questionnaire Measure of Achievement Motivation” were used. Construct validity was measured by factor analysis method, convergent validity and reliability (Cronbachchr('39')s alpha) of the instruments were measured. Data analysis was also performed by SPSS. 18 and PLS. 2.3.

The correlation between self-efficacy variables and motivation for direct and positive academic achievement and addiction to social networks was negative and direct, which is statistically significant (P≥0.05).

There is a significant negative correlation between social media addiction and self-efficacy and between social media addiction and studentschr('39') motivation for progress. It is suggested that education administrators and officials, through education, acquaint students with its harms and side effects and teach them ways to reduce and eliminate addiction to social networks.

Teachers of exceptional students are considered an important part of the human resources of the education system. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between work quality of life and general health in teachers of exceptional education in Hamedan city

  In the descriptive-correlational study, the statistical population included all teachers of exceptional students in Hamadan in the academic year of 2018-2019. Statistical sample included 67 teachers who were selected by census method. Data were collected using; demographic questionnaire, "General Health Questionnaire" and "Quality of Working Life Questionnaire". Content validity and reliability were measured by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. 21.

 The Mean general health status was (50/5±12/5) and quality of working life (140/1±22/5). Components of quality of work life have a significant correlation with the average general health score (P> 0.05).

The quality of working life and general health of teachers of exceptional students in Hamedan is not favorable. Therefore, it is recommended that health professionals plan to improve the quality of working life and improve general health.